peters



Josera PERRAULT, or Thor, New vonk. i

` Letters PctentNo. 102,964, dated May 10, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN PRESSURE BLOWERS.

The Schedule referred to in theseLetters Patent and making part of the same To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Josera PERRAULT, of Troy, in the county of Rensselaer and :State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pressure Blowers; and l doherebydeclare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description-thereof,

reference beinghadfto the'accompanying.drawings of f the same,'which make partof this specification,and.

inwhich-f i l y i..

Figure 1-represents an elevationoi'a pressure-V blower. embracing my improvements. L

taken throingh the air-wheel.

Figure 3 represents aven-tical axial section.

Figure 4 represents' an inside elevation with 'he'v wheel removed.` y i Figure 5, a viewgin perspective of one ot `the buck etsdetached fronr the wheel.

My invention relates to pressure. or tan-blowersv for` furnaces, forges, and other purposes, and consistsfiirY constructing the fancase with an interior shell in such v manner-as to form airfchanibers oneach side of:y the wheel between the inner shell and the outer case, and" 'an inclosngcase for the bucketsof thel wheel, for thel purpose of'. protectingthe-.fa-n, while in motion, as far as possible, from friction caused-by theback pressure'l of the air; also, in the peculiar construction ,of the*v buckets of the wheel; also, in the'employmfent of a register for regulating the blast while thefan `is in motion, and without changing the' speed of the engine or machinery conveying power and 4motion to' thefan.- l'" i .v A

"In the accompanying drawings--4 Arepresentsthe circular case within which the. fan-blower is supported and revolves. 'This case has a contracted hieck, A', at its center, leaving only suficient space for the reception of the hub and spider of the air-wheel, but is enlarged around its cireumferf ence, and made withV a double-arched shell, so as to .form three annular chambers; a middle one within which the buckets of. the wheel are tted and revolve, and an air-chamber, B, onpeither side thereof,.inter veuing between the inner shell @and vvthe inclosing case A. At the contracted neck A', the hubs D are cast with, and project from thel case and form bearings'for the shaftof the fan-wheel. A series .of holes, a, is. made in each side of the arched case A, communicating with the air-chamberB thereimand these holes are provided with a register, E,- having holes t corresponding with those in thecase. The 'register is a circular plate tted wit-hin -a .seat-.in the side, of the case, and having slots c-in it through which screwbolts-cl pass to secure it to the case, and allowit .to be adjusted to increase or', diminish the arca ofthe openings of the air-chambers, to regulate the blast without changing the speed of the engine,

Figure 2reprssents a vert-ical section ofthey saine-k The inner arched shells O extend from the-inner side of the outer cese toward the center of the wheel, 'avdistance suiiicient'to cover the ingress air-openings gaand leave openings f between them `and the contracted neck of the case, for the passage of the air to the wheel.-

The inner arched shells thus arranged form the two side'iannular air-chambers B, a central ahj-pressnre chamber F, and an interior inclosing case for the wheel. v This inclosing case', G, is formed by two concentric.

anges or plates G, extending from ncar the middle of the depth of the arched shells in an angular directiontcward the crown of the arch, s o as tc form roof' to the sides of the wheel, leaving an opening between them equal inlarea to the enit openings of thebuckets. This angular inclosing-roof protects the wheel from b ack pressure, and relieves it while in function from the friction of the air under pressure.

" The cdgesof tl'zc'projecting annular. plates G, fit against each side of tne circumference of the wheel,

and the arched shells Care provided with annular j rings,- g, sur rounding the inlet-passages f, from the airchambers B,which itin close proximity to corjr'esponding rings't on the sides of the fan-wheel, thus A shutting 'ofi' allcommunication between the air sup- 'plied to the fan and the air forcedLom it, thus increasing' thai-insulation of the wheel from the airpressure cham ber F, which is located between the roof jofthewlieiel and the arch of thejinner 'shelh'buthas no communication with the air-chamber except through the buckets ofthe wheeL` f The fan or air-'wheel is secured to' its driving-shaft H, ley-means of a spider, l, to ythe radial arms 'of which are attached cross-arms, J, whichy support the annular rings h, and the buckets.' The air-wheel is provided withia'siiitablenumber of buckets', K, made of sheet metalfwith their sides inclined outward, and iitting closely the inner sides of the shells and the obliquely proj ting roofs, -while their other sides are curved vin af `rection opposite tothat of the motion of the w'heelf,V The ingress openings t' of these buckets are re p1alto the space between thearched shells,'and are,f`therefore, oblong in the direction "of the axis ot'. the wheel; while their exit-openings j, are only equal in vwidth to the space betweenthe projecting edges of the oblique roofs of the wheel, and are of a length -in the direction of the motion of the wheel equal to that -of'their axial 'length; and the areas ofthe inlet'and discharge-openof the case, so that it may be turned in any position desired on the end of the shaft, and i-'n the outer 'end of this step-frame is placed a metalc'omposition thimble, e, bored with a tapering socketrinto which is titted the correspondingly-shaped end of the drivingshaft H, so as to take up the wear of the bearing by a set-screw, m, and form a lateral support to the shaft.

The fan thus constructed is compact, simple, durable, and, beingI revolved within a sealed chamber, secures the greatest possible pressure of the air within the supply-chamber, while the wheel is entirely pro tected from back pressure. Moreover, it will be seen, as the wheel revolves, the convex sides of the 'buckets, (instead of their concave sides, as heretofore,) being presented to the air, they force it from the wheel like a wedge, with a rolling motion, throwing it tangentially from the curve into the air-chamber F, and therefore consuming'less power, and sustaining more pressure than a radial, or concave blade could do, because, it' the fan were revolved with the straight or concave sides of its buckets to the air, it would whirl tbe latter round with it instead of throwing it oli tangentially.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. The case A, constructed with a central closed neck, A', for inclosing lthe hub of the wheel, and an enlarged arched circumference for inclosing the buckets oi' the wheel, substantially as hereinbefore described. A.

2. The central closed neck A of thecase, made with projecting hubs D, for the support and-hearings of the central driving-shaft H, and attachments for the pulley-frames, asherein shown and described.

3. The arched case A, constructed with airinlet openings a l, near its circumference, in combination 'with air-supplying chambers B, arranged contiguous thereto, and communicating with the buckets of the air-wheel, substantially as hereinbefore described.

4. The inlet air-openings a of the case A, provided with a circular register E, for regulating the blast of the fan without changing the speed of the engine, as herein shown and described.

ioaom 5. The arched case A, constructed with an interior encircling air-pressure chamber, F, in combination with the intermediate air-supplying chambers B, substantially as lxereinbefore described.

6. The arched shells of the case A, constructed with obliquely-projecting flanges or plates, G,.which serve as an inclosing root' to the wheel, for the purpose of relieving it from the friction of the Aback pressure f the air, substantially as hereinbefore described and shown.

7. The air-wheel, constructed with buckets K, having the greatest length of their ingress-openings parallel with the axis of the wheel, and that ot' their egress-openings in the direction of the motion of the wheel, and the two of equal area, or nearly so, substantially as hereinbefore described. 8. The acting sides of the buckets of the fan-wl1eel, curved in a direction opposite to that of the motion 0f thewheel, in combination with egress openings, having their greatest length in the direction of the motion of the wheel, and their ingress-openings, hav- .ing their greatest length in an axial direction, substantially 'as herei'nbetore described.

9. The annular rings g, Isurrounding tbe inlet-openings of the arched shells C, in combination with the annular rings h ou the sides of the buckets, and the oblique-projecting roofs G, for the purpose of shutting o all communication between the air supplied to the fan and that forced from it, substantially as hereinbefore described.

l0. The combination of the arched inclosing case A, the intermediate air-supplying chambers B, the arched shells C, having annular obliquely-projet'eting roofs G, with the air-wheel, constructed with buckets as described, and the inclosing central air-pressure chamber F, the whole constructed, arranged, and operatingr as hereinbefore described.

JOSEPH PERRAULT.

Witnesses:

G. L. ROBERTS, A.' RQBERT'S. 

